Differences in design and material
Paneled
The name of the design comes from the word panel. These are thin door inserts made of plywood, glass or board. The panels are fixed in the door frame in grooves. The frame itself is made of solid wood beams.
The photo shows the construction of a panel door.
Panel
In other words, the frame-panel type of construction is a base to which sheets are attached. The frame is made of prefabricated or solid timber. The difference in strength, when producing a prefabricated structure, parts of the wood are fastened in a special way, which ensures resistance to temperature and humidity changes. Hardwood and low cost are used to make the frame.
Types
There are several types of filling of panel interior doors:
- With solid filling (reinforced). This type is a filling of chipboard strips or wood bars that are tightly laid out. The structure is heavy, but has high strength and good sound insulation.
- With honeycomb filling. The filling material of the frame-honeycomb type is often chosen as corrugated cardboard, which looks like a honeycomb, hence the name. The structure is not very durable, but it absorbs noise perfectly.
- Hollow interior doors are the most fragile type. The design has no filler and does not protect against noise.
The photo shows the design of the panel door.
The photo shows the internal structure of panel doors.
Milled
A pattern is cut out on a solid panel. The surface has no protruding parts, unlike the panel type. A budget, but beautiful way to decorate a door leaf. The pattern is cut out automatically and can be of any shape.
The photo shows a section of milled door.
Veneered
The door base is covered with veneer, which can be natural wood or artificial. Veneer is applied directly to the surface of the canvas or to the fabric base. Natural coating, unlike artificial, gives the product good soundproofing and heat-saving qualities. The end part is finished with an edge.
Types
By type of construction, they are divided into two types:
- Solid. The wooden frame is filled with glued wood;
- Hollow. The frame is made of solid wood and is connected with molding or paneled veneer panels.
The photo on the left shows the hollow structure of a veneered door, on the right – solid.
Tsargovye doors
Tsargovye or prefabricated interior models are a frame of vertical crossbars on the sides and a filling of tsargovye – transverse planks. Tsargovye are folded according to the principle of a constructor, if necessary, any segment can be replaced. Tsargovy are interior doors with three or more crossbars.
The photo shows the structural elements of a prefabricated door.
Profile
They are a structure based on a system of profiles. The finishing for profile panels is very different. These can be veneer, eco-veneer or modern materials that imitate the texture of wood and even fabric.
Glass
There are two types, frame and frameless.
- Frame type, respectively, has a frame made of metal or wood, due to which the structure is more durable.
- Frameless have only a frame and a door made of solid glass. The glass itself can be ordinary, glued and made using the “triplex” technology. The latter type is particularly durable and does not shatter into pieces when broken.
The photo on the left shows a frame view of a glass door, on the right – a frameless sliding door.
The diagram on the left shows a sliding door design, on the right – a pendulum door.
Solid wood
A durable and environmentally friendly material that wins in many characteristics, such as thermal insulation, durability and sound insulation. However, depending on the type of wood, a solid wood product reacts differently to humidity and temperature.
- Pine products do not have good resistance to changes in humidity and temperature. Pine is a soft wood. The material has a low cost.
- Oak, in comparison with other types of wood, has the highest rates of heat and sound insulation. The material is durable, resistant to changes in humidity and temperature, and does not deform over time.
- Alder is resistant to high humidity and has a low resin content.
- Ash is a flexible but very durable wood species. It tolerates dry air well and has a beautiful natural pattern.
- Walnut is a hardwood, the material is durable. It has a beautiful natural pattern and is inexpensive.
- Beech. Durable, moisture-resistant, wear-resistant material. Refers to hardwood.
Plastic
Plastic products are a frame covered with PVC film. The film is applied to MDF or fiberboard sheets. The material is moisture-resistant, durable, has a low cost and a wide range of colors and textures. Plastic interior doors are non-toxic, but not as environmentally friendly as natural wood.
Non-standard
Interior doors can have an appearance that differs from the models in the usual sense. Varieties of design will decorate even the boldest design.
- Invisible interior doors are an interesting solution, they almost completely merge with the wall surface. For this purpose, a frame without trims, a door leaf that can be finished, hidden fittings: handles and hinges are used.
- Arched interior doors will decorate a classic and oriental interior. The shape is semicircular.
- Another interior solution will be radius interior doors. In other words, this is a curved door. Such products are most often made individually, with the required radius.
- In the form of a bookcase. A massive and heavy structure that is supplied assembled. The average thickness of such a door is about 20 centimeters.
Finishing materials for doors
PVC coating
Polyvinyl chloride coating or plastic coating. PVC finishing can be in the form of film or panels. Visually looks aesthetically pleasing, the material can externally copy a wooden coating. Avoid direct sunlight and overheating.
Laminated
A multilayer paper film capable of imitate any material. Laminate is not afraid of water and does not fade in the light. The material consists entirely of artificial materials.
The photo shows the structure of a laminated door with a chipboard filler.
Eco-veneer
Wood fibers glued together and pre-painted. Eco-friendly and budget type of finishing. The material is not afraid of sunlight and humidity. They have low sound insulation.
All door elements: frames, panels and trims are faced with eco-veneer cortex in the color “Flax” – a durable and textured artificial material that imitates wood.
Acrylic
An environmentally friendly material, a pattern can be applied to the canvas using the engraving method. It is significantly stronger than conventional varnish and enamel coatings.
Painted and varnished doors
A simple, but still relevant type of finishing for interior doors. The coating can be acrylic, nitro paint or alkyd enamel. Depending on personal preference, the surface can be glossy or matte.
The door is painted light gray with several layers of varnish.
Glass inserts, stained glass
With glass parts the structure will look more interesting and lighter. Inserts are made of transparent, colored and frosted glass, as well as in the form of mirrors or stained glass.
Mirror
A mirror reflects daylight and dissolves in space, filling it with air and volume.
Photo printing
Photo printing film can have absolutely any image. The finish can blend in with the wall surface or complement the doorway.
Classification by opening method
Hinged
Classic and most familiar model for interior doors. Doors can have any finish, for example laminated or with glass inserts. They open in any convenient direction, inward or outward, depending on the fastening.
Types
There are two main types of swing interior doors. Single-leaf and double-leaf.
- Single-leaf. As a rule, they are installed in bedrooms, restrooms and other rooms. A convenient option for standard and compact rooms.
- Double-leaf interior doors. Most often installed in the living room, hall or country house. This type is suitable for wide openings from a meter and wider. Door panels are made of the same or different sizes. One of the doors can be fixed to stay closed.
Opening method
The door can swing inward or outward. This depends on the location of the fastening. The simplest option is hinges that are fixed to the desired edge from the end side of the frame and door.
In the photo on the right, the opening method is “away from you”, on the left – “towards you”.
Sliding
A compact type of interior doors that saves space in the room. It looks good both in a small room and in a spacious hall. This model does not necessarily require a frame, the doors move along guides. There are several differences.
Types by the number of panels
There can be one panel or several, depending on the width of the doorway.
- One panel. Suitable for a small room, the model saves useful space that can be used differently.
- Two. Sliding interior doors made of two panels will decorate a living room, dining room or hall.
- Three. Three-leaf interior doors can have all three panels moving or one of them is locked in one position.
Types by design
Other distinctive features can be considered types by design.
- Sliding interior doors move along the wall on guides. They are attached to the top of the frame; for more secure fixation, the guides can be installed on the floor.
- The sliding structure inside the doorway additionally saves space along the walls. This type of construction is applied to two- and three-leaf interior doors. The doors are arranged in parallel and fold like a sliding door, without going beyond the opening.
- Sliding The doors can be folded into a pencil case inside the wall. It looks visually impressive, the doors can be fully extended, leaving the opening open. The wall design provides for a pencil case opening where the doors will “enter”.
Folding (accordion)
A convenient, space-saving model. An interior door can consist of two or more doors that move along guides and fold like an accordion, otherwise this type is called a “book” door. For a four-leaf design, you will also need a lower guide on the floor.
Roto-doors, rotary and sliding
The operating principle is designed in such a way that the door can open outward and inward without taking up much space. Thanks to the mechanism, the interior door opens along a non-standard trajectory, sliding to the side and turning perpendicular to the wall.
The door leaf inside the opening sets the roto mechanism in motion. It provides easy and silent opening of the door both towards you and away from you.
The photo shows a rotary-sliding door mechanism, a system with the functionality of a compact book and a roto-door.
Pendulum
This type is also called swinging, due to the ability to open in any direction like a pendulum. This is possible thanks to a special mechanism that is attached to the door and frame from the top and bottom. The door leaf itself can be made of different materials: tempered glass, wood. The number of doors, depending on the width of the opening, can be one or two.
The doors are installed on pendulum hinges, they allow you to open the doors in both directions.
Dimensions
The size chart is wide enough and you can choose the optimal size for any type of room. The dimensions are set by GOST.
Types by style
Modern
Any model will suit a modern interior, from the usual panel ones to extravagant radius ones. For high-tech and minimalism, the ideal interior solution will be invisible interior doors, sliding or roto designs with a retractable mechanism. The surface is smooth, matte or varnished, wenge or bleached wood, made of any most suitable material, depending on the design features.
Classic design
Undoubtedly, paneled or milled swing interior doors will decorate. Single-leaf and double-leaf types will look good. The ideal material for classics can be considered solid wood, a cheaper analogue would be a panel or veneered model.
Provence
An elegant and delicate style that uses natural materials, plastic would be inappropriate here. For the Provence interior design, you can choose solid hinged or folding interior doors made of aged wood.
Country
The interior is primarily associated with a country house, the materials in which are almost always natural, so wood will best emphasize the interior design idea. Swing or sliding models can be decorated with carved patterns.
Loft
Unpainted sliding wooden doors on rails will look interesting in a loft interior; they will emphasize the features of the style. Swing interior doors made of dark and light wood or glass will also be appropriate.
Scandinavian
The style is filled with light, not overloaded with details, but quite cozy. Smooth wooden and varnished interior doors, which can be decorated with glass inserts and beautiful fittings, will harmoniously fit into the interior.
Eastern
The design is distinguished by luxury and beautiful forms. Wooden doors can be decorated with stained glass inserts, and the frame can be decorated with carved details. The interior design will be emphasized by a semicircular doorway.
Details affect the appearance of the apartment, when renovating and choosing interior doors, you should pay attention to the features of the layout and area of the room. Color, shape and opening method can support the stylistic idea or, on the contrary, completely ruin it. Like any interior items, interior doors can correspond to classical and modern trends, and the variety of choice allows you to choose the ideal type for yourself.
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